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(No Model.)

' 'E. M. THOMPSON.

ICE CREAM FREEZER.

No. 491,930. 'Patent e d Feb. 14, 1893.

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UNITED STATES PATENT FFICE.

EVERT M. THOMPSON, or INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA.

ICE-CREAM FREEZER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 491,930, dated February14, 1893.

Application filed August 6, 1892. Serial No. 442,322. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, EVERT M. THOMPSON, a citizen of the United States,residing at Indianapolis, in the county of Marion and State of Indiana,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Freezing-Machines;and I do hereby declare the following to beafulLolear, and exactdescription of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in theart to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to machines for freezing cream, custards, ices,drinks &c. and consists in a novel arrangement of parts, wherein appearfirst a freezing drum composed of an inner and an outer cylinderaffording, in addition to the freezing chamber within the innercylinder, an annular chamber between the two cylinders for the receptionof the freezing mixture; second a fixed arm supported horizontally by astand, whereon the freezing drum is supported and may be revolved; thirda scraper pivoted eccentrically to the arm,so it may scrape OK the innersurface of the inner cylinder when operated by means of a crank exteriorto the arm, the radius of this scraper being less than the diameter ofthe arm; fourth a scoop that may enter the tubular arm axially so' thatWhatever is scraped off the inner surface of the'freezing chamber abovethe scoop, will fall into it, and may thereby be removed from thefreezing chamber.

Figure 1, is a perspective of my machine. Fig. 2, is a cross section ofthe machine through the line y,y, Fig.3, and at right angle to the axis;showing the ice chamber B; and freezing chamber A. Fig. 3, across-section through the line 03-50 Fig. 2 and the axis of the machine;showing icechamberB and freezing chamber A. Fig 4c, the stand thatsupports horizontally the journal, upon which the freezing drumrevolves, and the axle or arm J, showing the scraper pivotedeccentrically to one of its sides, with the scraper crank E, exterior tothe arm.

The stand, S, has in its vertical part, an opening or socket, withnotches, 0, 0', which permit the insertion of the arm J, on which arethe lugs, n, n, and the shoulder ring, m. When the crank, E, and scraper(J, are turned so their radius falls within the diameter of the arm J,the arm may be inserted into the socket of the stand, up as far as theshoulder ring m, then by turning the arm in its socket the lugs 01, n,and the shoulder ring, m, hold it rigidly in the vertical frame board.Now by holding the radius of the scraper within the diameter of the arm,the drum may he slipped on the journal and be supported thereon,centrally, by the periphery of the opening in the head of the drum, andthe small journal, I, in the journal bearing, or hole, in the center ofthe bottom of the drum, all in such a way that the drum may be revolvedon the arm J. Now with the drum thus supported centrally on the arm, itis apparent that by means of the crank, E, the scraper may be pressedagainst either the upper or lower inner surface of the inner cylinder,at will, and the scoop K inserted or removed at will.

A prime object of my invention is to reduce the time and laborheretofore required in congealing liquids-with the ordinary machines.First, by expediting the contact of salt particles with ice particles,thereby intensifying the absorption of heat. This I accomplish byrevolving the drum; It is plain that the rods 0", 0", r r 4", which holdthe two opposite'heads of the drum, also serve the additional purpose ofclogs, to preventv the ice and salt fromlaying'in the lower space of thedrum as it revolves. These clogs carry the ice with them as the drumrevolves, with the result that the water and salt rush through theinterstices of the crushed ice thereby perfecting the rapid contact ofthe salt with the ice particles. Second, by employing every practicalmeans for enhancing the easy transit of heat units from the substancebeing congealed to the absorbing freezing mixture, for which reason (a)I employ metals of the highest conductivity for the material of theinner cylinder; (1)) and keep the frozen material scraped clean from thefreezing surface, because this is itself a great obstruction to thepassage of heat units from the liquid being frozen to the freezingmixture. How I accomplish this,and in addition avoid the laboriousturning of the crank of the ordinary freezer for ten minutes to an hourin order to congeal a quart or two of cream, is made apparent from thefollowing description of the operation of my machine.

Preparatory to freezing any custard, ice, drink or cream I place the armJ,in its place within the drum, D, and lifting them together, I insertthe arm J, in its socket in the frame, as described. Then I fill theannular chamber between the two cylinders with ice and salt, through thescrew capped opening, 41, and replace the cap. Then I withdraw thescoop, K, partly out, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3 and pour into it thecream. By gravity it flows into the lower space of the freezing chamber.No more cream should be poured in at one time than will fill the chamberup to the opening in the head. Now by means of a knob, pin, screw-eye orany simple point of resistance fixed in the head of the drum D, I turnthe drum as shown by the arrows in Fig. 2, and while turningIpress thescraper against the inner surface of the freezing chamber, as shown inFig. 2 by pressing on the crank, E, see Fig. 3.

It is apparent that the liquid cream will lay in the lower part of thefreezing chamber, excepting such as will adhere to the freezing surface.This film will become firmly congealed by the time it reaches thescraper, when it will be scraped off, and pass over the scraper into themass of remaining liquid. A few minutes turning of the drum will sufficeto thus congeal the entire quantity of the liquid contained in thefreezing chamber, whereupon I withdraw the scoop, K, entirely, and bymeans of the crank, E, press the scraper against the upper inner surfaceof the freezing chamber, as shown in Fig. 2 by the dotted lines. Now Ireplace the scoop, and turn the drum in the reverse direction from thatindicated by the arrows, Fig. 2 with the result that the congealed creamadheres to the freezing surface, is scraped oh" and falls into thescoop, and is thereby removed. Again I pour in cream as before, andagain freeze and remove it as described and renew the ice and salt inthe cylinder as required. Thus the machine is continuous in itsoperation, a small machine having any capacity desired.

To prevent the absorbtion of heat from the outside through the outercylinder I cover the circumference of the drum with any non-conductor,preferably wood.

The machine maybe entirely made of metal but I prefer the constructionshown, as the wood heads are rendered waterproof with shellac, and theice chamber being pitched within, excepting the exterior of the innercylinder, answers quite perfectly the non-conducting properties that themachine requires.

Now what I claim as new, and for which I desire Letters Patent, is

1. The stand S, supporting horizontally the fixed tubular arm J whichsupports and upon which revolves the drum D composed of the cylindricalfreezing-chamber A and freezingmixture chamber B, in combination withthe scraper C adapted to scrape from the inner surface of the freezingchamber A the frozen substance, so that it will fall by force of gravityinto a receptacle within the area of the fixed tubular arm J,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The tubular arm J, having the scraper C pivoted eccentrically to it,the radius of the scraper 0 being less than the diameter of the tubularaxle J, in combination with the freezing drum, D, substantially as setforth.

3. The tubular arm J, having the scraper 0 attached with its crank Eexterior to the axle J, in combination with the freezing drum D,substantially as described.

4. The tubular arm J, the scraper C, pivoted to the axle J, the freezingdrum D, and the scoop K, in combination with the stand S, substantiallyas described.

5. The stand S, the tubular arm J rigidly attached thereto, the scraper0 adapted to scrape either the upper or lower inner surface of thefreezing chamber of the drum D, revolving on the arm J in combinationwith the scoop K substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

6. The revoluble freezing drum D, composed of two concentric cylindersand two opposite heads drawn against the ends of the concentriccylinders by bolts adapted to also agitate the refrigerant within theannular space between the cylinders when the drum D revolves, incombination with the fixed horizontal arm J supported at one end by thestand S, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

EVERT M. THOMPSON.

Witnesses:

E. H. THOMPSON, WINNIE MOCABE.

